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The social security, welfare and health protection of workers is guaranteed even when they work abroad. This is done through the European Union regulations and the international conventions that Italy has concluded with certain third countries, or in their absence, through the national legislation set out in Law No 398/1987.
Working in the European Union
As an EU citizen, you have the right to work for an employer or as a self-employed person in any EU country without the need for a work permit.
Frontier workers
If you work in one EU country and live in another country and return every day, or at least once a week, you are considered a cross-border commuter according to EU (or border) legislation. Financial benefits will be paid to you by the institution of the country where you work. Benefits in kind may also be provided in your country of residence.
Seafaring workers
If you are employed or self-employed on board a vessel flying the flag of a Member State, you are subject to the legislation of that State.
If you pursue an activity on a ship flying the flag of a Member State, but you are paid for your activity by an undertaking established in a Member State other than that of the ship flying the flag, you will be insured in the State where the undertaking is established if you are resident in that State.
Benefits for migrant workers
- The financial benefits to migrant workers within the European Union are paid by the National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (Inail), as the competent institution for workers insured with the Authority (unless agreements or conventions have been concluded that impose other regulations).
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Health benefits will be provided:
- by the institution of the Member State in which the worker resides or stays. Therefore, if the worker is insured with Inail, statutory medical examinations and health benefits (such as prostheses, orthopaedic aids and other special devices) will be provided by the Institute as the competent institution;
- by the institution of the Member State in which the worker resides or stays on behalf of the competent institution, if the worker resides or stays in a State other than that with which he or she is insured.
Workers who are located and reside in Italy for work reasons and are insured in another Member State, or who reside in Italy but receive benefits of a financial nature for accidents at work or occupational diseases from the competent institution of another State within the European Union, receive the health benefits and benefits in kind to which they are entitled, on submission of form PD DA1 or form SED DA001 drawn up by the institution of the European Union country of origin.
