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The social security, welfare and health protection of workers insured in Italy is guaranteed also when they work abroad. This is done through the regulations of the European Union and the international conventions that Italy has concluded with some non-EU countries, or in the absence of these, through the national regulations contained in Law 398/1987.
Working in the European Union
As an EU citizen, you have the right to work for an employer or as a self-employed person in any EU country without the need for a work permit.
Cross-border workers
If you work in an EU country (e.g. Austria), reside in another country and return there every day, or at least once a week (e.g. Italy), you are considered a cross-border commuter under EU law.
Your benefits will be paid by the institution of the country where you work and are insured.
Health and in-kind benefits can also be provided in the country where you reside.
Maritime workers
If you are employed or self-employed on board a vessel flying the flag of an EU country, you are covered by that country's legislation (e.g. if the vessel flies the Italian flag, you will be covered by Italian legislation for insurance and protection purposes).
If you work on a vessel flying the flag of an EU country (e.g. Italy), but you are paid for your activity by a company based in another member country (e.g. Greece) other than that of the vessel flag, you will be insured by the state where the company is based if you are resident in that state.
Benefits
The economic benefits provided in the event of the recognition of an accident at work or occupational disease for workers insured with Inail are provided by the Institute, as the competent institution (unless agreements or conventions have been signed stating otherwise). If, otherwise, you are insured in another EU country where you work, economic benefits paid for an accident at work or occupational disease are usually paid by the competent institution of the country where you are insured. Indeed, in the event of a posting to Italy from another EU country, economic benefits will be paid by the institution of the country of origin.
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Health and in-kind benefits are provided
- By Inail as the competent institution if you are insured with this institution; therefore, medical-legal examinations and benefits in kind (such as prostheses, orthopaedic aids and other special devices) are paid by the Institute. If, on the other hand, you are on secondment or decide to reside in another EU country, health and benefits in kind are provided by the institution of the country where you are or reside. In this case, Inail (the competent institution where you are insured) will reimburse the costs incurred to the institution providing the benefits.
- By Inail as the institution of residence or stay on behalf of the competent institution of the EU country where you are insured and from which you receive benefits for an accident at work or occupational disease. In this case, the costs incurred by Inail will be reimbursed by the competent institution of the country you come from.
Workers who are and stay in Italy for employment reasons and are insured in another EU country, or who reside in Italy but receive benefits of an economic nature for an accident at work or occupational disease from the competent Institution of another EU country, receive the health and benefits in kind to which they are entitled, upon presentation of the PD DA1 form or SED DA002 form drawn up by the competent Institution of the EU country of origin.
